Regeneración adventicia a través del cultivo de anteras en papa amarilla diploide (solanum tuberosum grupo phureja)

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dc.contributor.advisorPacheco Maldonado, José Constantino
dc.contributor.advisorRodríguez Molano, Luis Ernesto
dc.contributor.advisorArias Moreno, Diana Marcela
dc.contributor.authorAraque Barrera, Eyda Johanna
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-18T16:19:02Z
dc.date.available2021-08-18T16:19:02Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractSpa: La papa amarilla diploide conocida como “papa criolla” (Solanum tuberosum Grupo Phureja), es cultivada en la región oriental de los Andes en altitudes de 2000–3400 m, se caracteriza por presentar ciclo corto y ausencia de periodo de reposo. En Colombia, la papa criolla constituye el sustento y fuente de recursos económicos de numerosas familias que habitan las zonas rurales. Los materiales silvestres y comerciales del grupo Phureja son clones altamente heterocigóticos por lo que presentan alta diversidad genética para caracteres de interés agronómico y nutricional aún no explorados, que pueden ser utilizados en programas de fitomejoramiento. Durante más de 100 años, los estudios genéticos de la papa se han visto limitados por dos aspectos de su biología, la poliploidía y la auto-incompatibilidad los cuales restringen su reproducción, rendimiento y producción. Por tanto, es pertinente crear y/o aplicar biotecnologías, y metodologías alternativas a las tradicionales que permitan mejorar y aprovechar variantes genéticas de interés en favor de optimizar la productividad y la rentabilidad del cultivo de papa. Considerando lo anterior, se planteó como objetivo inducir regeneración adventicia a partir de cultivo in vitro de anteras en papa amarilla diploide (Solanum tuberosum grupo Phureja). Racimos de botones florales de 0.2 – 2.0 cm fueron escindidos y clasificados de acuerdo tamaño y al desarrollo de las microsporas de las anteras. Los botones florales fueron desinfectados con NaClO, se escindieron las anteras y se sembraron medio MS sin reguladores de crecimiento y suplementado diferentes fitohormonas en diferentes concentraciones. Para conocer el estado de desarrollo de las células de las anteras cultivadas in vitro, se extrajo una antera de cada tratamiento y se le realizó un raspado a su interior en una gota de Orceína Acética. Enseguida se observó el micropreparado en un microscopio óptico, se realizó registro fotográfico, y se determinó el tipo de célula y el número de núcleos de las células en división. Finalmente, y con apoyo de redes neuronales artificiales se realizó una clasificación de botones florales para determinar aquellos botones que pueden desarrollar procesos organogénicos y/o embriogénicos. Como resultado del trabajo de investigación se evidenció que el tamaño del botón floral presenta relación con la etapa de desarrollo de las células de la antera. Así como que las condiciones fisicoquímicas indujeron cambios morfológicos en las anteras cultivadas, estimularon la producción de callo y regeneración de embriones somáticos, y que en los casos que hubo dicha regeneración, las células mostraron una división celular asimétrica. Los resultados obtenidos constituirán un medio rápido para obtención de líneas totalmente homocigotas de gran valor utilizables como progenitores de cultivares F1 en programas de mejoramiento. Lo anterior, contribuirá a los procesos de selección fenotípica para características cualitativas y cuantitativas de manera más eficiente, beneficiando a todos los actores de la cadena de la papa.spa
dc.description.degreelevelMaestríaspa
dc.description.degreenameMagister en Ciencias Biológicasspa
dc.format.extent1 recurso en línea (164 páginas) : ilustraciones, tablas, figuras.spa
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfspa
dc.identifier.citationAraque Barrera, E. J. (2020). Regeneración adventicia a través del cultivo de anteras en papa amarilla diploide (solanum tuberosum grupo phureja). (Tesis de maestría). Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja. http://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/3682spa
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorio.uptc.edu.co/handle/001/3682
dc.language.isospaspa
dc.publisherUniversidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombiaspa
dc.publisher.facultyFacultad Cienciasspa
dc.publisher.placeTunjaspa
dc.publisher.programMaestría en Ciencias Biológicasspa
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dc.rightsCopyright (c) 2019 Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombiaspa
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia*
dc.rights.accessrightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessspa
dc.rights.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2spa
dc.rights.creativecommonsLicencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)spa
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/co/*
dc.subject.agrovocuriPapa criolla: Solanum phureja
dc.subject.armarcCitogenética vegetal
dc.subject.armarcCélulas germinales
dc.subject.armarcGermoplasma vegetal
dc.subject.armarcCultivo de células vegetales
dc.subject.armarcMaestría en Ciencias Biológicas - Tesis y disertaciones académicas
dc.subject.proposalAnterasspa
dc.subject.proposalCallospa
dc.subject.proposalCultivo in vitro,spa
dc.subject.proposalCultivo de anterasspa
dc.subject.proposalEmbriogénesisspa
dc.subject.proposalOrganogénesisspa
dc.subject.proposalPapa criolla y regeneración.spa
dc.titleRegeneración adventicia a través del cultivo de anteras en papa amarilla diploide (solanum tuberosum grupo phureja)spa
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestríaspa
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_bdccspa
dc.type.coarversionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85spa
dc.type.contentTextspa
dc.type.driverinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisspa
dc.type.redcolhttps://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/TMspa
dc.type.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionspa
dcterms.audienceInvestigadoresspa
dcterms.audienceDocentesspa
dcterms.audienceEstudiantesspa
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